Epidemiological analysis of Congenital Syndrome associated with Zika (CZS) in Mexico: clinical case report in Sinaloa

Abstract

Zika infection during the gestational stage can cause uterine transmission, affecting the proper development of the embryo causing severe congenital affectations in brain formation called Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS). These characteristics include structural alterations such as cranial morphology, cerebral and ocular anomalies, and contractures, causing severe neurological involvement. During 2016-2018, 51 cases of CZS have been confirmed in Mexico. These reports indicate that 76% of pregnant women presented the infection in the first trimester of the gestational period, with microcephaly being the neurological congenital malformation with the highest frequency (86.5%). This report describes a clinical case in the State of Sinaloa during 2017; female newborn due to an incidental birth with a diagnosis of severe microcephaly and with a maternal history of pruritic rash and fever during pregnancy, with negative results for NAT. The epidemiological analysis of Zika infections places this state below the second quartile (1.89) for 2016 and between the second and third quartile (3.42, 4) in 2017 and 2018 respectively. This indicates the tendency of the entity to increase the rate during this period. This increase proposes a scenario in which the coordination of vector control actions, the identification and notification of arbovirosis by health personnel according to the operative guidelines, and medical attention in case of suspected viral infection are necessary. to reduce transmission chains in a susceptible population such as Sinaloa.