Idiophatic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus: Pathophysiology

Abstract

Introduction: idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (HIPN) or Hakim-Adams syndrome, distinctive clinical entity due to gait and balance disorder, urinary incontinence and dementia; it shares these characteristics with other neurological entities that present physiopathological mechanisms and common triggering events. There are cardiovascular risk factors related to physiopathology, wind mechanism disorders, cerebral venous compliance, cerebrospinal fluid hydrodynamics (CSF), disorders in the subependymal blood flow of the Bateman-Bradley effect), causing the symptoms of HIPN. Methods: With the objective of knowing the physiopathology of the HIPN, 5 terms will be used through the PubMed database, Google scholar, Nat Neurosci, to obtain information on the subject. Results: a total of 233 articles were found. It was divided according to the type of didactic purpose cut to the topic. I-idiopathic hydrocephalus of normal pressure; II cardiovascular risk factor; IIIcerebral compliance and Windkessel mechanism; IV- paravascular spaces and V - ischemia of deep white matter. Conclusion: In the pathophysiology of HIPN, a more exhaustive investigation of the different disorders in cerebral parenchymal functioning, in the wind mechanism, the cerebral venous pleasure and the subependymal blood flow disorder of the deep white matter, is fundamental for the mechanism pathophysiology of HIPN. According to the consulted reviews, we know that there are multiple risks for the pathophysiological development of HIPN and among these are cardiovascular risk factors with a Windkessel mechanism.