Chronic Subdural Hematoma at General Hospital “María Ignacia Gandulfo” from Comitán, Chiapas. (Epidemiological, etiological, clinical and resolutive characteristics)

Abstract

Chronic Subdural Hematoma (CSH) is one of the most common problems encountered in neurosurgical practice and the main cause of neurosurgical care in the elderly population. Objective: The objective is topresent epidemiological data, pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of (CSH). Material and methods: A retrospective, observational and descriptive study was carried outfrom March 2013 to March 2017. The analysis of clinical records and the automated system of hospital discharges we found that all of the patients required drainage of (CSH) at the General Hospital “MaríaIgnacia Gandulfo”. Results: We report 65 procedures for drainage of (CSH), finding a male-female ratio of 4: 1. The incidence was higher in patients between 60 to 80 years old. Theannual prevalenceis 5.3 per 100 000 inhabitants (0.0053%). Traumatic etiology was the main cause for (CSH), with 41 cases reported (63.07%). Fifty percent of the cases (51.56%) were related to falls from standing and 5 (10.94%) were related to falls from equines. Headache was the most frequently symptom or sign that motivated the search for medical attention (35.94%) In 45 (69.2%) of the cases,both craniotomy (trephnae) and placement of probes was thesurgicalapproach,In 20 cases (30.7%) only the craniotomy was performed, 3 (4.6%) patients were submitted to a second round of craniotomy and drainage. There were 2 (3.07%) deaths. Conclusion: Chronic subdural hematoma is one of the most prevalent neurosurgical pathologies worldwide, the importance of knowing it is that it is more frequent in the elderly population.