Neural prostheses and amputation

Abstract

Summary: Most of patients amputated are carrier of a prosthesis, what allows to the user follow realizing part or the whole of his daily activities. We can define the prostheses like an artificial element endowed of some able autonomy to realize the function that would realize the part amputated of the body. Inside the prostheses, the neural prostheses are a system of transduction bidirectional between the organism and the proper prosthesis, which commission to register the biological signals of the body through electrodes. Will carry out a bibliographic review with the aim to know the scientific evidence current about the possible use of the prostheses neurales in amputados. Methods: It was made a revision of the scientific literature between December of 2018 and January of 2019 in the data bases Medline, Cinahl, Web of Science, Pubmed and Scopus and the searched with the terms: “amputation”, “neural prostheses”, “upper extremity” and “lower extremity” and broadened the research whit “upper limb” and “lower limb”. It showed up a total of 15 valid results after applying the criteria of inclusion and exclusion Results: The articles dissected used different types of prosthetic controllers, as they are the electrodes surgically implants, the prosthesis myoelectric the neural interfaces (agonistantagonist), the measurement units inertial or the EMSSA system. Observed that the use of these neural prostheses allowed main functionality to the users of the same, like this like improvements to the hour to realize the movements. Conclusion: Can conclude that the neural prostheses in amputees have a scientific evidence checked in the actuality, being able to contribute big profits to his daily life. However, due to the fact that you treat of technological elements that in the actuality find in roads of development, is not possible to take advantage of to the maximum his performance. Therefore, his optimization would go tied to a main scientific development and technological